tZck + Sim applied as SPr + LTr was highly effective in promoting antioxidants and photosynthesis machineries, minimizing oxidative stress biomarkers and Cd 2+ levels, boosting tolerance to Cd stress, and improving wheat productivity under Cd stress.Ĭadmium (Cd) is an environmentally toxic metal that accumulates in agricultural soils worldwide.
However, tZck + Sim increased photosynthesis efficiency, and further boosted antioxidant activities, and contents of tZck and Sim, while minimizing Cd 2+ levels in roots, leaves, and grains. Non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant activities, and tZck and Sim contents were also increased. − (superoxide), H 2O 2 (hydrogen peroxide), MDA (malondialdehyde), and EL (electrolyte leakage).These negative impacts coincided with increased levels of Cd 2+, O 2 Cd stress (0.6 mM) severely declined growth and yield traits, and photosynthesis efficiency (pigment contents, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, and photochemical activity) compared to the control. tZck + Sim applied as SPr + LTr was more effective than individual treatments, and the impacts were more pronounced under stress conditions.
Transtype 2 plus#
Pot trials were performed to explore the impacts of seed priming (SPr) plus leaf treatment (LTr) with trans-zeatin-type cytokinin ( tZck 0.05 mM) and silymarin (Sim 0.5 mM) on growth, yield, physio-biochemical responses, and antioxidant defense systems in Cd-stressed wheat.
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